According to research, what is a factor that correlates with a higher incidence of physical abuse in families?

Low economic status is associated with a higher incidence of physical abuse in families primarily due to several interrelated stressors that can contribute to familial tension and conflict. Economic instability often leads to increased stress among parents and caregivers, which can adversely affect their emotional well-being and coping mechanisms. When families struggle to meet basic needs like food, housing, and healthcare, it can create an environment where frustration and helplessness may lead to violence as a misguided expression of control or anger.

In contrast, high education levels, strong social networks, and employment stability tend to provide protective factors for families. Higher education often correlates with better job opportunities and financial stability, reducing the likelihood of stressors that contribute to abusive environments. Additionally, strong social networks can foster support and resources that help families deal with conflict and stress in healthier ways, while employment stability contributes to financial security and emotional well-being. Collectively, these factors can mitigate the risk of experiencing or perpetuating abuse within familial settings.